Rarrabuwar iska(ASUs) kayan aiki ne masu mahimmanci da ake amfani da su a masana'antu daban-daban don raba sassan iska, musamman nitrogen da oxygen, wani lokacin kuma argon da sauran iskar gas marasa aiki. Ka'idar rabuwar iska ta dogara ne akan gaskiyar cewa iska cakuda iska ne, tare da nitrogen da oxygen sune manyan sassan biyu. Hanyar rabuwar iska mafi yawanci ita ce distillation mai sassauƙa, wanda ke amfani da bambance-bambancen da ke cikin wuraren tafasa na abubuwan da ke cikin don raba su.
Rarraba iskar yana aiki ne bisa ga ƙa'idar cewa idan aka sanyaya gaurayen iskar gas zuwa ƙaramin zafin jiki, sassa daban-daban za su taru a yanayin zafi daban-daban, wanda hakan zai ba da damar rabuwarsu. Idan aka raba iskar, aikin zai fara ne ta hanyar matse iskar da ke shigowa zuwa matsin lamba mai yawa sannan a sanyaya ta. Yayin da iskar ke sanyaya, ana wucewa ta cikin jerin ginshiƙan distillation inda sassa daban-daban ke taruwa a yanayin zafi daban-daban. Wannan yana ba da damar rabuwa da nitrogen, oxygen, da sauran iskar gas da ke cikin iska.
Tsarin raba iskaYa ƙunshi matakai da dama masu mahimmanci, waɗanda suka haɗa da matsewa, tsarkakewa, sanyaya jiki, da kuma rabuwa. Ana fara tsarkake iskar da aka matse don cire duk wani datti da danshi kafin a sanyaya ta zuwa yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin gaske. Sannan ana ratsa iskar da aka sanyaya ta ginshiƙan distillation inda ake raba abubuwan da aka haɗa. Sannan ana tattara samfuran da aka samar kuma ana adana su don aikace-aikace daban-daban na masana'antu.
Rarraba iska yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a masana'antu kamar kera sinadarai, samar da ƙarfe, kiwon lafiya, da na'urorin lantarki, inda ake amfani da iskar gas da aka raba don aikace-aikace iri-iri. Misali, ana amfani da nitrogen a masana'antar abinci don marufi da adanawa, a masana'antar lantarki don kera semiconductor, da kuma a masana'antar mai da iskar gas don sakawa da rufewa. A gefe guda kuma, ana amfani da iskar oxygen a aikace-aikacen likita, yanke ƙarfe da walda, da kuma samar da sinadarai da gilashi.
A ƙarshe, na'urorin raba iska suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a masana'antu daban-daban ta hanyar raba abubuwan da ke cikin iska ta amfani da ƙa'idar raba iska. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar samar da nitrogen, iskar oxygen, da sauran iskar gas masu wuya waɗanda suke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen masana'antu iri-iri.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-29-2024
